Upconversion nanoparticles exhibit unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and therapy. However, their potential toxicity remains a considerable concern. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It explores various aspects, incl

Zinc oxide is a mineral renowned for its remarkable strength to shield delicate skin. This calming component has long been utilized in a variety of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective properties. Establishing a physical shield on the skin's exterior, zinc oxide effectively blocks harmful UV r